Anticoagulation Reversal

70.0 kgHome

Disclaimer

• Reversal decisions should weigh bleeding risk vs. risk of thrombosis. • Confirm the agent, last dose timing, indication for anticoagulation, and current labs (PT/INR, aPTT, anti-Xa, platelet count). • Consult hematology / pharmacy for complex cases.

Reversal agents by anticoagulant

AnticoagulantReversal agentDose
Warfarin (life-threatening bleed)4-Factor PCC (Kcentra) + Vitamin KINR 2-<4: 25 units/kg • INR 4-6: 35 units/kg • INR >6: 50 units/kg (max 5000 units) + Vit K 10 mg IV
Warfarin (non-emergent)Vitamin K (Phytonadione)1-10 mg PO/IV depending on INR and bleeding
Dabigatran (Pradaxa)Idarucizumab (Praxbind)5 g IV (two 2.5 g vials)
Apixaban / RivaroxabanAndexanet alfa (Andexxa) or 4F-PCCAndexxa: low/high dose per last dose & timing • 4F-PCC: 50 units/kg (off-label)
Unfractionated HeparinProtamine sulfate1 mg per 100 units heparin given in last 2-3 hr (max 50 mg/dose)
LMWH (Enoxaparin)Protamine sulfate1 mg per 1 mg enoxaparin if <8 hr; 0.5 mg per 1 mg if 8-12 hr
Antiplatelet (ASA/Clopidogrel)Platelet transfusion (selected cases)1 apheresis unit; consider DDAVP 0.3 mcg/kg IV
tPA / ThrombolyticCryoprecipitate ± TXA10 units cryoprecipitate; TXA 1 g IV over 10 min

Adjuncts

• Activated charcoal if recent (<2 hr) ingestion of oral anticoagulant. • TXA 1 g IV for traumatic / mucosal bleeding. • Consider massive transfusion protocol for hemorrhagic shock.