Vital Signs

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Vital Signs

Broselow color zone

Rule: Weight fallback

Green

Green · 36 kg

30-36 kg · 138-155 cm · ETT 6.5 cuffed · 10-11 yr

How matched: No length supplied — using weight 70.0 kg → Green band (30-36 kg).

Weight: 70.0 kg

Heart Rate

60-100 bpm

Normal range for adolescent (13+)

Respiratory Rate

12-20 rpm

Normal range for adolescent (13+)

Systolic BP

95-140 mmHg

Normal range for adolescent (13+)
DBP: 60-90 mmHg

Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)

Normal Ranges:

1 month: 40-55 mmHg
1 year: 50-70 mmHg
2 year: 50-70 mmHg
5 year: 55-75 mmHg
10 year: 55-75 mmHg
Adolescent: 70-95 mmHg

Hypotension

Defined as SBP < 70 + 2 × (age in years)
SBP < 60 mmHg — Term neonate (≤ 28 d)
SBP < 70 mmHg — Infant (1-12 mo)
SBP < 90 mmHg — > 10 yr / adolescent

Set patient age to compute threshold.

Set patient age to compute hypotension threshold.

Temperature

Rectal: 36.6-38 °C (97.9-100.4 °F)
Tympanic: 35.8-38 °C (96.4-100.4 °F)
Oral: 35.5-37.5 °C (95.9-99.5 °F)
Axillary: 36.5-37.5 °C (97.9-99.5 °F)

Fever in < 3 mo: ≥ 38.0 °C rectal — full sepsis evaluation.

SpO₂

≥95%

Targets for: Infant / child (1 mo - 12 yr)

Room airTarget 95-100%

Critical < 91%Low 91-94%Normal 95-100%> 100%

On supplemental O₂Target 94-98%

Critical < 91%Low 91-93%Normal 94-98%> 98%

Pulse oximetry pitfalls — confirm at bedside

Falsely low: poor perfusion / cold extremity, motion artifact, nail polish or synthetic nails, severe anemia, venous congestion, dark skin pigment, methylene blue, ambient light, malpositioned probe.

Falsely normal/high: carbon-monoxide poisoning (COHb read as O₂Hb — get co-oximetry), methemoglobinemia (tends toward ~85%), cyanide toxicity (impaired tissue use, SpO₂ preserved).

Confirm: good waveform/plethysmograph, HR matches monitor, reposition probe (finger ↔ ear/forehead), warm the limb, remove polish, and obtain ABG with co-oximetry if reading doesn't fit the clinical picture.

All ranges matched by patient weight

Full vitals table by age

Age	HR	RR	SBP
Newborn (0-1 mo)	100-180	30-60	60-90
Infant (1-12 mo)	100-160	25-50	70-100
Toddler (1-3 yr)	90-150	20-40	80-110
Preschool (3-5 yr)	80-140	20-30	80-110
School (6-12 yr)	70-120	15-25	85-120
▸ Adolescent (13+)	60-100	12-20	95-140